Machine for finishing and ornamenting metal



(No Model.) 2 8heets-Shet '1.

H. M. QUAIGKBNBUSH. MAGHINE FOB. FINISHING AND ORNAMENTING METAL.

No. 408,521.. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2..

I H. M. QUA'OK'ENBUSH, v MACHINE FOB FINISHING AND ORNAMBNTING MIMI.

No. 408,521. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

UNITED STATES f'PATENT YFFICE.

HENRY MARCUS QUAOKENBUSH, OF l-IERKIMER, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING ORNAMENTING META-L.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,521, datedAugust 6,1889.

Application filed A il 12, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LHENRYMAROUS QUAOK- ENBUSH, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Herkimer, in the county of I-Ierkimer and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinesfor Finishing and OrnamentingMetal, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to the formation of ornamental heads, knobs, rings,bands, &c.,

upon metal screws, bolts, rods, bars, and stems, and particularly to thecompletion of the ornament by burnishing; and it consists in novelapparatus, hereinafter fully described, whereby either or bothoperations may be quickly and efficiently performed.

In its preferred form the apparatus coinprises both the cutting and theburnishing apparatus, and consists, essentially, of a rotary spindlecarrying a chuck to hold, center, and rotate the rod or stem, ashiftable toolcarriage, a tool-post mounted upon said carriage andprovided with a tool of the proper pattern to produce the ornamentdesired, and a second tool-post, also mounted upon the carriage andprovided with a roll or rolls formed to correspond with the ornamentproduced upon the rod or stem, and serving by rolling pressure thereonto compress and burnish or polish the ornament cutloy the tool. It willbe seen, however, that while the work may be expeditiously andadvantageously performed by a machine such as I have just out lined, thecutting may be done in a separate lathe or machine and the burnishing orfinishing done by means of the roller or rollers. It will also be seenthat, instead of revolving the part to-be burnished, the roller orrollers may be carried by a rotary head and the part to be burnished maybe held stationary, or both may be rotated, the only essential point inthis regard being that there shall be relative travel of the surfaces incontact.

In. the drawings, Figure 1 represents my apparatus in a preferred form,suitable for forming knobs and ornaments on stair-rods, nut-picks, &c.;Fig. 2, a modification of the burnishing apparatus, showing the rollerscarried in a rotary head; Fig. 3, a View of a machine with cutter andsingle roll suitable for finishing the heads of bolts, &c.

Referring first to Fig. 1, A indicates the bed; B, the head-stock of alathe, and G a chuck carried by the lathe-spindle and serving to holdthe rod or stem D, upon which the ornament is to be produced.

E indicates a slide movable upon the lathebed A in the direction of thelength of the latter, and F a second slide movable upon the first atright angles to the length of the bed A. Screws, levers, or any of theusual and vwell-known appliances for shifting the slides E and F,jointly or independently, may be employed, though, if preferred, theymay be moved by hand.

As shown in Fig. 1, the upper slide F carries two posts G and H, whichare both adjustable in slots a in planes parallel with the axis of thelathe-spindle. Post G is the ordinary tool-post, and in it is mounted acuttingtool I, having its cutting end of proper form to produce theprecise form or figure desired. The post H carries two levers J and K,each furnished at the inner end with a roller L, of tempered steel. Therollers are grooved to conform to the design of the cutting-tool, andare designed by a rolling action and by due pressure to compress andburnish the ornament introduced between them, the rear ends of thelevers J K being thrown apart to such extent as may be required by anadjustingscrew M or equivalent means. The rollers may of course becarried by slides and moved simultaneously toward or from each other bya right-and-left sorew-stem, as will be presently explained.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the rollers L are therein represented ascarried by sliding blocks J K, which are the equivalents and take theplace of the levers J K of Fig. 1, said blocks being carried, however,by a rotary head 0', which is mounted upon the lathe-spindle and takesthe place of chuck 'C of Fig. 1. The chuck O is, under this arrangement,mounted upon the slide E and arranged in axial alignment with thelathe-spindle, so that a rod or stem clamped in the chuck shall bethereby centered relatively to the co-operating rollers L. Furtheradjustments, vertical and horizontal, may be provided for the chuck, ifdesired, under this arrangement of parts; but this is not ordinarilydeemed necessary or desirable.

The operation is as follows: First referring to the arrangement shown inFig. 1, the rod or stem to be ornamented is secured in chuck O, and theslide E is then moved to such position as will bring the cutting-toolopposite the point where the ornament is to be formed. The cutting-toolis then fed forward by the feed-screw or otherwise until the proper cutis made, whereupon the slide F is traversed in the opposite direction,thereby bringing the axes ofrollers L L into alignment with, but onopposite sides of, the axis of the rod or stem I). \Vhen so adjusted,the rollers are caused to approach each other by turning screw M, and asthe stem rotates the slight inequalities of its surface are rolled downand burnished with great rapidity and ease, thereby securing a highfinish and a smooth even surface. When the apparatus is made in the formshown in Fig. 2, the knob or ornament will preferably be cut in aseparate lathe or machine, (though a rotary cutter could be applied tothe lathe-spindle for this purpose.) The stem or knob, being duly cut orturned, will then be clamped in the chuck C and moved toward thelathe-head until the ornament comes to position between the rollers L,which will then be adjusted to bear with the requisite force upon theknob or ornament. The lathe-spindle will then be caused to rotate, andthe rollers will perform their work in essentially the same way as underthe c011- struction shown in Fig. 1, the rollers traveling in a circularpath, while the rod or stem remains at rest.

In Fig. 3 I have represented a machine essentially the same as that inFig. 1, except that a single roller is employed. Such a machine isdesigned to finish the heads of the bolts, screws, and the like, whichdo not admit of the convenient use of two rollers, because it isnecessary for the roller to extend to or beyond the center.

It will be observed that the same principle is involved in all the formsillustrated, and variations of the apparatus may be made to suitdifferent classes of work, the essential feature of the inventionconsisting in causing a smooth and hardened roller and the surface to beburnished to travel in rolling contact, the roller serving to flattendown, press out, and distribute the minute irregularities or projectionsof the metal and to fill up the scratches, tool-marks, and minutedepressions. This action is wholly different from the 1011- gitudinalrolling of rods and bars, the rolling being circumferentially and theroller passing repeatedly over every portion of the surface to beburnished.

I have for many years employed in my business knurling-rollers forfiguring the surface of metal rods, stems, &c.; but the action of suchrolls is directly opposite to that of the smooth and polished rollswhich I employ in the present machine; and therefore, while disclaimingthe broad idea of ornamenting metal by means of metal rollers actingthereon with a circumferential rolling pressure,

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a metal-burnishingmachine, the combination of awork holder or support and a smooth burnishing-roller conforming to thecontour of the portion to be burnished, the roller being free to rotateupon its own axis, and the work or the roller being arranged to travelabout the axis of the work.

2. The herein-described apparatus for ornamenting metal, consisting of arotary spindle provided with a chuck, a tool-carriage, a cutting-toolcarried by said carriage, and a pair of levers, also carried thereby andprovided with rollers, the tool and the rollers being fashioned toconform in shape and size to the ornament to be produced.

3. I11 a machine for ornamenting metahthe combination of a chuck, acutting-tool of the required pattern, and a pair of compressing andburnishing rollers arranged to act on opposite sides of the ornamentsimultaneously, the cutting-tool and the rollers being carried by acommon support and adapted to be moved one into and the otherout ofoperative position simultaneously, in whichever order desired.

4. I11 combination with a rotatable eh u ck or holder, a pair ofcompressing and bnrnishing rollers adjustable relatively thereto and toeach other, and means, substantially such as shown, for forcing saidrollers toward each other.

5. In a machine for ornamenting metal, the.

combination of post H, levers J K, pivotally supported thereon, rollersL, carried by said levers, and a screw M, or its equivalent, for forcingthe rollers toward each other.

6. In a machine for ornamenting metal, the combination of apattern-cutting tool and a pair of burnishing-rollers havingcircumferential grooves of a pattern corresponding to that of thecutting-tool, said cutting-tool and r'ollers being arranged to bebrought into action alternately.

7. In a machine for ornamenting metal rods, stems, &c., the combinationof a holder for the rod or stem, rollers for burnishing the same, andmeans, substantially such as described and shown," for causing a rollingcontact between the rollers and the stem circumferentially.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

HENRY MARCUS QUACKENBUSII.

\Vitnesscs:

JOHN KERSHAW, OHAs. H. BURRILL.

IIO

